What is Estimation, Costing and Valuation in Civil Engineering?
Table of Contents 1 . What are estimation costing and valuation? 2 . Need for Estimating and Costing a nd method. 3 .How to measurement of material and works? 4 .What is rates of analysis? 5 .How to calculate earth work and what is earth work? 6 . Conclusions 1. What are estimates, calculations, and valuations? Estimating is the process of calculating or computing various quantities and expected costs for a specific job or project . In the event that available funds are less than the estimated cost, the work is carried out in part or by reduction, or the specification is changed , the following requirement are necessary for the preparation of the estimate. a) Drawings, elevations, and sections of important points b) Detailed specifications on processing and material properties, etc. c) Tariff for the current fiscal year. 2. The Need for Estimation and Calculation 1. Estimates provide an idea of the price of the work and also allow one to determine its feasibility, i...